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List of Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves, Swords or Diamonds recipients of the Luftwaffe fighter force : ウィキペディア英語版 | List of Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves, Swords or Diamonds recipients of the Luftwaffe fighter force
The Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross (German: ''Ritterkreuz des Eisernen Kreuzes'') and its variants were the highest award in the military of the Third Reich. Recipients are grouped by grades of the Knight's Cross. During World War II, 453 German day and bomber destroyer (''Zerstörer'') pilots, 85 night fighter pilots, including 14 crew members, were awarded the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross.〔Obermaier 1989, p. 14.〕 Among them, 130 pilots received the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves (''Ritterkreuz des Eisernen Kreuzes mit Eichenlaub''), 34 the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves and Swords (''Ritterkreuz des Eisernen Kreuzes mit Eichenlaub und Schwertern''), and nine won the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves, Swords and Diamonds (''Ritterkreuz des Eisernen Kreuzes mit Eichenlaub, Schwertern und Brillanten''). ==Background== The Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross and its higher grades were based on four separate enactments. The first enactment, ドイツ語:''Reichsgesetzblatt I S. 1573'' of 1 September 1939 instituted the Iron Cross (ドイツ語:''Eisernes Kreuz''), the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross and the Grand Cross of the Iron Cross (ドイツ語:''Großkreuz des Eisernen Kreuzes''). Article 2 of the enactment mandated that the award of a higher class be preceded by the award of all preceding classes.〔 〕 As the war progressed, some of the recipients of the Knight's Cross distinguished themselves further and a higher grade, the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves (ドイツ語:''Ritterkreuz des Eisernen Kreuzes mit Eichenlaub''), was instituted. The Oak Leaves, as they were commonly referred to, were based on the enactment ドイツ語:''Reichsgesetzblatt I S. 849'' of 3 June 1940. In 1941, two higher grades of the Knight's Cross were instituted. The enactment ドイツ語:''Reichsgesetzblatt I S. 613'' of 28 September 1941 introduced the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves and Swords (ドイツ語:''Ritterkreuz des Eisernen Kreuzes mit Eichenlaub und Schwertern'') and the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves, Swords and Diamonds (ドイツ語:''Ritterkreuz des Eisernen Kreuzes mit Eichenlaub, Schwertern und Brillanten''). At the end of 1944 the final grade, the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Golden Oak Leaves, Swords, and Diamonds (ドイツ語:''Ritterkreuz des Eisernen Kreuzes mit goldenem Eichenlaub, Schwertern und Brillanten''), based on the enactment ドイツ語:''Reichsgesetzblatt 1945 I S. 11'' of 29 December 1944, became the final variant of the Knight's Cross authorized.
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